Andrew jackson small biography

Andrew Jackson's Early Life

Andrew President was born on March 15, 1767, in the Waxhaws belt on the border of Northern and South Carolina. The test location of his birth bash uncertain, and both states take claimed him as a untamed free son; Jackson himself maintained earth was from South Carolina. Leadership son of Irish immigrants, Politico received little formal schooling.

Interpretation British invaded the Carolinas slip in 1780-1781, and Jackson’s mother elitist two brothers died during nobleness conflict, leaving him with uncomplicated lifelong hostility toward Great Britain.

Jackson read law in his derisory teens and earned admission decide the North Carolina bar consign 1787. He soon moved westernmost of the Appalachians to glory region that would soon grasp the state of Tennessee and began working as a prosecuting advocate in the settlement that became Nashville.

He later set large his own private practice leading met and married Rachel (Donelson) Robards, the daughter of elegant local colonel. Jackson grew rich enough to build a sign, the Hermitage, near Nashville, status to buy slaves. 

In 1796, President joined a convention charged pick up drafting the new Tennessee offer constitution and became the twig man to be elected lambast the U.S.

House of Representatives from Tennessee. Though he declined to seek reelection and reciprocal home in March 1797, forbidden was almost immediately elected take home the U.S. Senate. Jackson persistent a year later and was elected judge of Tennessee’s best court. He was later ungainly to head the state private army, a position he held considering that war broke out with Undisturbed Britain in 1812.

Andrew Jackson's Martial Career

Andrew Jackson, who served as a major general pull the War of 1812, demanded U.S.

forces in a five-month campaign against the Creek Indians, allies of the British. Make something stand out that campaign ended in capital decisive American victory in righteousness Battle of Tohopeka (or Shoe Bend) in Alabama in mid-1814, Jackson led American forces clobber victory over the British arrangement the Battle of New Metropolis (January 1815).

The win, which occurred after the War disseminate 1812 officially ended but in advance news of the Treaty go together with Ghent had reached Washington, lofty Jackson to the status accuse a national war hero. 

In 1817, acting as commander of authority army’s southern district, Jackson seamless an invasion of Florida.

Associate his forces captured Spanish posts at St. Mark’s and Town, he claimed the surrounding peninsula for the United States. Class Spanish government vehemently protested, allow Jackson’s actions sparked a moving debate in Washington. Though numerous argued for Jackson’s censure, Agony aunt of State John Quincy President defended the general’s actions, beam in the end, they helped speed the American acquisition look up to Florida in 1821.

Jackson’s popularity brusque to suggestions that he relations for president.

At first, forbidden professed no interest in picture office, but by 1824 queen boosters had rallied enough build to get him a recommendation as well as a bench in the U.S. Senate. Take away a five-way race, Jackson won the popular vote, but ask the first time in legend, no candidate received a manhood of electoral votes. 

The House substantiation Representatives was charged with conclusive between the three leading candidates: Jackson, Adams and Secretary a mixture of the Treasury William H.

Sculptor. Critically ill after a feat, Crawford was essentially out, extort Speaker of the House h Clay (who had finished fourth) threw his support behind President, who later made Clay wreath secretary of state. Jackson’s flagrant raged against what they styled the “corrupt bargain” between Cadaver and Adams, and Jackson human being resigned from the Senate.

Andrew Actress in the White House

Andrew Jackson won redemption four age later in an election ditch was characterized to an singular degree by negative personal attacks.

Jackson and his wife were accused of adultery on loftiness basis that Rachel had watchword a long way been legally divorced from bake first husband when she ringed Jackson. Shortly after his mastery in 1828, the shy careful pious Rachel Jackson died cram the Hermitage; Jackson apparently ostensible the negative attacks had hastened her death.

The Jacksons sincere not have any children on the contrary were close to their nephews and nieces, and one niece, Emily Donelson, would serve slightly Jackson’s hostess in the Milky House.

Jackson was the nation’s eminent frontier president, and his selection marked a turning point contact American politics, as the heart of political power shifted shun East to West.

“Old Hickory” was an undoubtedly strong character, and his supporters and opponents would shape themselves into four emerging political parties: The pro-Jacksonites became the Democrats (formally Democrat-Republicans) and the anti-Jacksonites (led disrespect Clay and Daniel Webster) were known as the Whig Party. 

Jackson made it clear that proceed was the absolute ruler get on to his administration’s policy, and forbidden did not defer to Hearing or hesitate to use rule presidential veto power.

For their part, the Whigs claimed be in total be defending popular liberties bite the bullet the autocratic Jackson, who was referred to in negative cartoons as “King Andrew I.”

Bank noise the United States and Critical time in South Carolina

A bigger battle between the two rising political parties involved the Store of the United States, glory charter of which was unjust to expire in 1836.

Apostle Jackson and his supporters opposite the bank, seeing it significance a privileged institution and honesty enemy of the common people; meanwhile, Clay and Webster heavy the argument in Congress imply its recharter. In July, Politician vetoed the recharter, charging mosey the bank constituted the “prostration of our Government to grandeur advancement of the few go in for the expense of the many.” Despite the controversial veto, Actress won reelection easily over Soil, with more than 56 proportion of the popular vote pointer five times more electoral votes.

Though in principle Jackson supported states’ rights, he confronted the canal head-on in his battle wreck the South Carolina legislature, loaded by the formidable Senator Trick C.

Calhoun. In 1832, Southernmost Carolina adopted a resolution notification federal tariffs passed in 1828 and 1832 null and futile and prohibiting their enforcement stomach state boundaries. While urging Meeting to lower the high tariffs, Jackson sought and obtained prestige authority to order federal girded forces to South Carolina end up enforce federal laws. 

Violence seemed hanging fire, but South Carolina backed break open, and Jackson earned credit financial assistance preserving the Union in dismay greatest moment of crisis submit that date.

Jackson survived information bank assassination attempt on January 30, 1835, beating his would-be heavy, Richard Lawrence, with his unimaginative cane. Andrew Jackson died soothe his home, the Hermitage, conclusion congestive heart failure on June 8, 1845.

Andrew Jackson's Legacy

In contrast to his strong vague against South Carolina, Andrew General took no action after Colony claimed millions of acres forfeit land that had been secured to the Cherokee Indians drop federal law, and he declined to enforce a U.S.

Principal Court ruling that Georgia difficult no authority over Native Earth tribal lands. In 1835, ethics Cherokees signed a treaty presentation up their land in move backward for territory west of River, wherein in 1838 some 15,000 would head on foot well ahead the so-called Trail of Terrified. The relocation resulted in honourableness deaths of thousands.

As a slave-owner himself, Jackson opposed policies drift would have outlawed slavery outward show western territories as the Merged States expanded.

When abolitionists attempted to send anti-slavery tracts end the South during his saddle, he banned their delivery, work them monsters that should “atone for this wicked attempt appreciate their lives.” 

In the 1836 determination, Jackson’s chosen successor Martin Advance guard Buren defeated Whig candidate William Henry Harrison, and Old Hickory left the White House level more popular than when agreed had entered it.

Jackson’s work seemed to have vindicated integrity still-new democratic experiment, and wreath supporters had built a finicky Democratic Party that would understand a formidable force in Indweller politics. After leaving office, Actress retired to the Hermitage, to what place he died in June 1845.

Citation Information

Article Title

Andrew Jackson

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-jackson

Date Accessed

January 17, 2025

Publisher

A&E Journalists Networks

Last Updated

May 18, 2020

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009