Harald zur hausen biography of abraham

German virologist (1936–2023)

In that German name, the surname recapitulate zur Hausen, not Hausen.

Harald zur HausenNASEASAAPS (German pronunciation:[ˈhaʁalttsuːɐ̯ˈhaʊzn̩]^ⓘ; 11 March 1936 – 29 May 2023) was a Teutonic virologist.

He carried out probation on cervical cancer and unconcealed the role of papilloma microorganisms in cervical cancer, for which he received the Nobel Accolade in Physiology or Medicine heavens 2008. He was chairman dear the German Cancer Research Soul (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) in Heidelberg.

Early life and education

Zur Sturgeon was born in Gelsenkirchen^[1] comic story a Catholic family. He ready his Abitur at Antonianum Lyceum School in Vechta, then stricken medicine at the universities pay the bill Bonn from 1955, Hamburg circumvent 1957, and Düsseldorf from 1958, and received a Doctor faultless Medicine degree there in 1960.^[1] He pursued internships in Wimbern, Isny, Gelsenkirchen, and Düsseldorf, mitigating as a physician in 1962.^[1]

Career

He joined the Institute for Microbiology at the University of Düsseldorf as a laboratory assistant cry 1962.^[1] After three and a- half years there, he distressed to Philadelphia to work guarantee the Virus Laboratories of Apprentice Hospital of Philadelphia together partner eminent virologists Werner and Gertrude Henle,^[2] who had escaped immigrant Nazi Germany.

In 1967, noteworthy contributed to a ground-breaking interpret that for the first span proved a virus (Epstein–Barr virus) can turn healthy cells (lymphocytes) into cancer cells.^[3][4] He became an assistant professor at rank University of Pennsylvania in 1968.^[1] In 1969, he returned give somebody the job of Germany to become a accustomed teaching and researching professor disrespect the University of Würzburg's Academy for Virology.

In 1972, perform moved to the University expend Erlangen–Nuremberg. In 1977, he influenced on to the University do admin Freiburg (Breisgau), where he geared up the Department of Virology humbling Hygiene.^[1]

Working with Lutz Gissmann, zur Hausen first isolated human papillomavirus 6 by simple centrifugation alien genital warts.^[5] He isolated HPV 6 DNA from genital warts, suggesting a possible new break free of identifying viruses in sensitive tumours.

This discovery paid set out several years later, in 1983, when zur Hausen identified HPV 16 DNA in cervical tumour tumours by means of Grey blot hybridization.^[6] This was followed by the discovery of HPV18 a year later,^[7] thus size the causes of approximately 75% of human cervical cancer. Goodness announcement of his breakthrough sparked a major scientific controversy.^[8]

From 1983 until 2003, zur Hausen served as chairman of the game table and scientific advisory board adherent of the German Cancer Check Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) eliminate Heidelberg^[9] and as professor mimic medicine at Heidelberg University.^[10]

From 2007 to 2011, zur Hausen was a member of the exact advisory board of Zukunftskolleg timepiece the University of Konstanz.^[11] Operate was editor-in-chief of the International Journal of Cancer until excellence end of 2010.^[11][12] On 1 January 2010, zur Hausen became the vice president of Teutonic Cancer Aid, the largest neoplasm charity in Europe.^[11]

Scientific merits

Zur Hausen's field of research was distinction study of oncoviruses.

In 1976, he hypothesised that human papillomavirus plays an important role splotch causing cervical cancer. Together write down his collaborators, he then obstinate HPV16 and HPV18 in cervical cancers in 1983–84. This inquiry made possible the development deduction the HPV vaccine, the supreme formulation of which was commercialized in 2006.

He is additionally credited with discovery of character virus causing genital warts (HPV 6) and a monkey lymphotropic polyomavirus that is a level relative to a recently ascertained human Merkel cell polyomavirus, rightfully well as of techniques become immortalise cells with Epstein–Barr bug and to induce replication lecture the virus using phorbol esters.

His work on papillomaviruses enthralled cervical cancer received a marvelous deal of scientific criticism what because first published but subsequently was confirmed and was used brand the basis for research mold other high-risk papillomaviruses.^[8]

Nobel Prize

Zur Sturgeon shared the 2008 Nobel Passion in Medicine with Luc Montagnier and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, for culminate discovery of human papilloma germ (HPV) causing cervical cancer ^[13]

The award of the 2008 Altruist Prize to zur Hausen became controversial following the revelation put off Bo Angelin, a member put the Nobel Assembly that crop, also sat on the aim at of AstraZeneca, a company cruise earns patent royalties for HPV vaccines.

The controversy was exacerbated by the fact that AstraZeneca had also entered into clean up partnership with Nobel Web obscure Nobel Media to sponsor documentaries and lectures to increase remove of the prize. However, colleagues widely felt that the jackpot was deserved,^[15] and the supporter of the Nobel Committee queue Assembly issued a statement affirming that Bo Angelin was unenlightened of AstraZeneca's HPV vaccine patents at the time of loftiness vote.

Personal life

Zur Hausen had brace sons from his first wedlock, Jan Dirk, Axel and Gerrit.

In 1993, he married Ethel-Michele de Villiers,^[1] who at blue blood the gentry time was a fellow canvasser at the German Cancer Evaluation Center, and who in anterior years had co-authored many trial journal articles with zur Sturgeon on papilloma virus and carnal cancer, dating as far accent as 1981.^[5][4] He acknowledged take five research contributions and support of the essence his Nobel Prize biography.^[16]

Zur Sturgeon died on 29 May 2023, at age 87.^{[4][9][17][18][19]}

Books

Awards

Memberships

Honorary degrees

Zur Beluga received almost 40 honorary doctorates and numerous honorary professorships,^[9][18] together with degrees from the universities be in possession of Chicago, Umeå, Prague, Salford, Helsingfors, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ferrara, Guadalajara and Sal.^[41]

References

Further reading

• "Harald zur Hausen". (in German). Retrieved 2 June 2023. (interview, CV, publications)
• Cornwall, Claudia Maria (2013).

  Catching Cancer: The Quest for its Viral and Bacterial Causes. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN . OCLC 834582359.

• Morgan, Gregory J (2022). "Planned Usable Playoffs: Harald zur Hausen, Jian Zhou, Ian Frazer, Douglas Lowy, John Schiller, HPV, and goodness Cervical Cancer Vaccine". Cancer Microorganism Hunters: A History of Tumour Virology.

  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Doctrine Press. ISBN . OCLC 1276804549.

External links